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KMID : 0381019910240040378
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Korean Journal of Nutrition
1991 Volume.24 No. 4 p.378 ~ p.392
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Dietary Fatty Acids and Blood Cholesterol
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Hayes, K.C.
Khosla, Pramod/Pronczuk, Andrzej/Lindsey, Saralyn
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Abstract
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A series of studies in monkeys and hamsters, and reevaluation of published human data. indicate that dietary saturated fatty acids exert a dissimilar metabolic impact on cholesterol metabolism. Myristic acid(14 : 0) appears to have a major cholesterol-raising effect by means of decreasing LDL receptor activity and by increasing the direct production of LDL (from sources other than VLDL-catabolism). Palmitic acid (16 : 0) appears neutral in most cases (plasma cholesterol<200my/dl) or until the LDL receptor is down-regulated, as with high cholesterol intake or obesity. In such cases, the clown-regulated LDL receptors coupled with an increased VLDL production (induced by 16 : 0 and 18 : 1) can divert VLDL remnants to LDL and expand the LDL pool. Furthermore, the cholesterolemic impact of any saturated fatty acid can be countered up to a saturable "threshold" level by dietary linoleic acid (18 : 2) which up-regulates the LDL receptor. Once above this "threshold", the major fatty acids (16 : 0, 18 : 0, 18 : 1, 18 : ?, 18 : 3) appear to exert an equal impact on the circulatina cholesterol concentration.
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